The International Organization for Migration (IOM) has  concluded a series of stakeholder and cross-border meetings aimed at boosting the cross-border response to COVID-19 among Local Governments from Uganda and neighbouring countries. Specifically, the meetings aimed at strengthening the capacity of the COVID-19 response teams in border areas, and boosting cross-border surveillance of the pandemic.
Funded by the British Government’s Department for International Development (Dfid), the meetings were organized under a joint project implemented by World Health Organization and IOM in Uganda in partnership with the Ministry of Health.

The meetings attracted at least 147 health, security, Immigration, civil society and Local Government officials  from Uganda and Kenya (meeting held in Tororo for the Busia and Malaba border posts); South Sudan (at Elegu); Democratic Republic of the Congo (at Mpondwe); and United Republic of Tanzania (at Mutukula). Ugandan COVID-19  stakeholders in the respective border districts first met to review activities in-country, before meeting with colleagues from across the respective borders a week later.

Included in the programme were  rigorous reviews of ongoing cross-border COVID-19 response activities such as data collection, testing, screening, isolation, referrals and reporting and highlight critical gaps.

Among the challenges highlighted by the participants included lack of harmonized policies and procedures relating to Covid in neighbouring countries, which makes cross-border cooperation difficult. For instance, while Uganda charges truckers for COVID testing, Kenya does not charge, while Tanzania does not emphasize testing or wearing of masks. Participants at Mpondwe also ureged greater harmonization of policy among neighbouring states. In all the border meetings, East African Governments were urged agree how to deal with COVID, participants noting that despite the disease, life, commerce and travel continues across both the formal and ungazetted border crossing points. 

At Mutukula, at the border with Tanzania, and during the Busia/Malaba meeting, participants highlighted the challenge of lack of a designated /isolation area for persons to wait for their results. Instead, the travellers are left to fend for their own accommodation. This, argued a Ugandan participant from the eastern district of Tororo, means  that potentially infectious travellers  awaiting their results freely mix with the border communities.

Another recurring challenge was the shortage of vehicles and/or fuel for transporting samples, contact-tracing or evacuating positive cases to hospitals or to their residences for home-based care.
“You call the hospital for an ambulance to evacuate positive cases to hospital and someone tells you, ‘the driver in coming,’ said a participant from Busia. You call the next morning and he says ‘oh, now the ambulance is coming’. You find that the ambulance is coming for 72 hours. Meanwhile you are trying to keep the positive people in that little space.”

Other challenges highlighted at the various meetings included Acute shortage of testing kits; breakdown of testing machines, meaning samples have to be transported for long distances and results taking up to seven days; stock-outs of personal protective equipment (leaving health workers vulnerable); the porous borders that many people continue to use; lack of facilitation of security officers patrolling the borders, and high fees for COVID-tests.
Among the recommendations, participants urged the Ugandan Ministry of Health to develop Port Health into fully-fledged unit with specialized staff, which would help enhance its performance.

Governments and development partners were also urged to budget for basic allowances for extra officers along the porous borders. It was observed that while the security forces including army officers are deployed they are not faciliated while other colleagues, including screeners and healthworkers, are catered for.

Another call was for COVID testing fees to be dropped. Participants in various sites argued that the USD 65 charged by Uganda was too high for most travellers. Aware of the challenge of funding for tests, participants in Mpondwe called for a memorandum of understanding between Uganda and the D.R. Congo, with a view to doing joint resource mobilization.

Participants also called for regular cross-border meetings for COVID-19 response teams from neighbouring countries to share views, experiences and innovative solutions.
To reduce congestion especially at Malaba and Busia, participants suggested that testing and sample collection should be removed from the border posts. This would require participants to arrive at points of Entry with test results – just like is expected at airports.

______________________________
For further information, please contact the Migration Health Coordinator Victoria Kajja. Email: vkajja@iom.int  Tel +256 312 263 210.
Media enquiries can be directed to IOM Uganda Public Information Officer, Richard M Kavuma. Email: ugandapiu@iom.int Tel +256 772 709 917.